On March 5, 1966, Indian Air Force (IAF) fighters bombed and strafed urban areas in the Lushai Hills district of Assam, targeting Indian citizens.
The bombings were ordered by then Prime Minister Indira Gandhi in response to an outbreak of insurgency by the Mizo National Front (MNF).
The MNF had declared independence from India and launched coordinated attacks on Indian army and paramilitary installations.
The MNF had received support from Pakistan, including arms and training, and planned to establish an independent Mizoram with Pakistan's assistance.
The Indian government, fearing the growing insurgency, decided to use IAF fighters to bomb the rebel-held areas due to logistical challenges in sending ground reinforcements.
Aizawl, the capital of Mizoram, and several other villages were heavily bombed, resulting in the destruction of houses, schools, churches, and healthcare centers.
The bombings caused significant displacement, with residents fleeing to nearby villages or forests to escape the attacks.
The bombings continued intermittently in various areas even after March 5.
The news of the bombings was initially suppressed by the Indian government, but eventually, evidence emerged, and the issue was raised in the Assam Assembly.
The bombings were followed by large-scale troop deployment and counter-insurgency operations, including the brutal relocation of villagers and human rights violations.