What Makes the Indian Constitution Unique?

Feb24,2024

The Indian Constitution, drafted by a diverse committee and adopted in 1950, stands as a testament to the nation's aspirations for a just and equitable society.

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Blend of novel features

It is the world's longest written Constitution. This elaborateness reflects the desire to address the complexities of India's diverse population, history, and geography.

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Longest written Constitution

The Indian Constitution strikes a unique balance between rigidity and flexibility. Amending it requires a special procedure, ensuring stability. However, unlike some rigid constitutions, it can be amended when necessary, 

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Blend of Rigidity and Flexibility

While described as federal, it incorporates unitary features like a single constitution, citizenship, and judiciary. This unique blend allows for a strong central government while respecting state autonomy

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Quasi-Federalism

The Constitution enshrines fundamental rights similar to other democracies, guaranteeing basic freedoms. However, it also includes Directive Principles of State Policy which are non-justiciable but guide the government towards achieving social and economic justice.

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Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles

Unlike the Western model of separation, India's secularism is positive guaranteeing equal respect and protection to all religions. This acknowledges the historical and cultural context of a nation with diverse faiths.

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Positive Secularism

While most constitutions focus on rights, India also emphasizes fundamental duties, reminding citizens of their responsibilities towards the nation and each other.

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Fundamental Duties

The Constitution allows for emergency provisions during times of crisis, granting the central government extraordinary powers. 

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Emergency Provisions

The independent judiciary has the power to review the constitutionality of laws and government actions. This serves as a crucial check against potential misuse of power and ensures adherence to the Constitution's core principles.

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Judicial Review